Secondary Sources

Monographs

Jennings, James. The Politics of Black Empowerment: The Transformation of Black Activism in Urban America. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1992.

Joseph, Peniel E. Dark Days, Bright Nights: From Black Power to Barack Obama. New York: Basic Civitas Books, 2010.

Joseph, Peniel E. Waiting 'Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2006.

Ongiri, Amy Abugo. Spectacular Blackness: The Cultural Politics of the Black Power Movement and the Search for a Black Aesthetic. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2010.

Rojas, Fabio. From Black Power to Black Studies: How a Radical Social Movement Became an Academic Disipline. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 2007.

Williams, Hettie V. We Shall Overcome to We Shall Overrun: The Collapse of the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Power Revolt (1962-1968). Lanham: University Press of America, Inc., 2009.

Williams, Yohuru. Black Politics/White Power: Civil Rights, Black Power, and the Black Panthers in New Haven. St. James, NY: Brandywine Press, 2000.

Articles and Essays

Bradley, Stefan. "'Gym Crow Must Go!': Black Student Activism at Columbia University, 1967-1968." The Journal of African American History 88, no. 2 (Spring 2003): 163-181.

Franklin, V.P. "African American Student Activism in the 20th Century." The Journal of African American History 88, no. 2 (Spring 2003): 105-109.

Franklin, V.P. “Patterns of Student Activism at Historically Black Universities in the United States and South Africa, 1960-1977.” The Journal of African American History 88, no. 2 (Spring 2003): 204-217.

Joseph, Peniel E. "Community Organizing, Grassroots Politics, and Neighborhood Rebels: Local Struggles for Black Power in America." In Neighborhood Rebels: Black Power at the Local Level, edited by Peniel E. Joseph, 1-19. New York: Palgrave Macmillion, 2010.

Joseph, Peniel E. "Dashikis and Democracy: Black Studies, Student Activism, and the Black Power Movement." The Journal of African American History 88, no. 2 (Spring 2003): 182-203.

Murch, Donna. "A Campus Where Black Power Won: Merritt College and the Hidden History of Oakland's Black Panther Party." In Neighborhood Rebels: Black Power at the Local Level, edited by Peniel E. Joseph, 91-105. New York: Palgrave Macmillion, 2010.

Rojas, Fabio. "Social Movement Tactics, Organizational Change and the Spread of African-American Studies." Social Forces 84, no. 4 (June 2006): 2147-2166.

Williams, Yohuru. "From Oakland to Omaha: Historicizing the Panthers." In Liberated Territory: Untold Local Perspectives on the Black Panther Party, edited by Yohuru Williams and Jama Lazerow. Durham: Duke University Press, 2008.

Williamson, Joy Ann. "In Defense of Themselves: The Black Student Struggle for Success and Recognition at Predominantly White Colleges and Universities." The Journal of Negro Education 68, no. 1 (Winter 1999): 92-105.

Dissertations

Belvin, Brent H. "Malcolm X Liberation University: An Experiment in Independent Black Education." Master's thesis, North Carolina State University, 2004.

Websites

"Civil Rights Greensboro." University of North Carolina-Greensboro. http://library.uncg.edu/dp/crg/ (accessed 9 December 2011).

"The Carolina Story: The Black Student Movement at Carolina." University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. http://museum.unc.edu/exhibits/black_student_movement/ (accessed 9 December 2011).

Visit other Exhibits in Crossing the Color Line.